We have long-standing interests in understanding the innate immune responses that are critical in controlling various inflammatory, infectious and metabolic diseases and cancer. Host cells are equipped with pattern recognition receptors which are germ-lined encoded innate immune sensors that detect pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Some of these receptors assemble multiprotein complex called inflammasome which is critical for the processing of IL-1β and IL-18. Some receptors are important for production of type I interferons. The signaling pathways activated by these receptors lead to production of anti-microbial molecules. Beside production of cytokines, the activation of these receptors leads to programmed cell death. We use cutting-edge technology to study the mechanisms by which host sensors recognize pathogens, and how these sensors shape the overall immune response and maintain homeostasis.